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European Year of Skills

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Publications (54)

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  • General publications
  • Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion

At the end of March 2020, 80 per cent of the world’s population lived in countries with required workplace closures. But among the hushed streets of cities and towns throughout the world, key workers left the safety of their homes to go to work.

  • General publications
  • Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion

The report covers the extent and consequences of the labour market disruption caused by overlapping economic and geopolitical crises and analyzes global patterns, regional differences and outcomes across groups of workers.

  • Report
  • Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion

Achieving a just digital and green transition is at the heart of the European Union’s policy ambitions. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the digital transformation, abruptly transforming the way we live, work and learn.

  • Study
  • European Training Foundation

Micro-credentials are an emerging phenomenon all over the world. This policy brief, developed by the European Training Foundation, presents evidence, practices and advice to shape policies.

  • Study
  • European Commission, European Training Foundation, Cedefop, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, International Labour Organization, Unesco

This study was developed by the Inter-Agency Working Group on Work-based Learning, which was set up in 2015. Members of the working group include the Cedefop, European Commission, ETF, ILO, OECD, and UNESCO.

  • Study
  • Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion

The report highlights labor shortages and surpluses in the EU, Norway, and Switzerland, driven by factors like gender-dominated occupations, technology, and an aging workforce. It stresses the need for education and training to address skills gaps.